Final Marketing Plan - 1088 Words

Running head: MARKETING PLAN Marketing Plan: Acai-A-Vie Soft Drink Nancy Katz October 28, 2010 Week 6 Marketing Plan Acai-A-Vie soft drink is an organic berry fruit juice made into a soft drink. It is full of antioxidants and contains not only an exclusive blend of the powerful acai berry, but also contains nineteen other nutritious fruits. Each of these fruits provides the body with the antioxidants to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Whole Foods Market is a specialty organic health food store located all over the country as well as in Canada and in the United Kingdom. This paper will introduce, offer and launch the Acai-A-Vie soft drink to Whole Foods Market. Whole Foods Market is planning to reposition the product†¦show more content†¦Sampling can also happen through events and experiences. Since Whole Foods is doing wine and cheese tasting parties, she could do Acai-A-Vie soft drink taste sharing party. Whole Foods can also draw attention to her store by putting banners up for the new product and putting up balloons and get the media’s attentions to her store when sh e is having a taste sharing party. This way Whole Foods and the new product can be on TV and she will get free advertising. Also, Whole Foods could build the product image through public relations by spreading the word of mouth. If one person has a good experience with the product, that person could possibly spread the word to fifty other people. Finally, Whole Foods can have direct marketing strategy by sending email offers to individuals on mailing lists through the internet. The distribution would be from the manufacturer and sold directly to Whole Foods Market. Not only would this be less costly, but it would save time since it would not be going through many different â€Å"middlemen†. The price for Acai-A-Vie soft drink will be twenty dollars per bottle. The justification for the price is that it is full of antioxidants that are great for the body and is very beneficial to one’s health in order to stay fit and overall healthy. The projected sales forecast for Acai-A-Vie soft drink is twenty-eight percent for the first two years. References Costco. (2010). 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Empirical Analysis of Internet User in Dhaka City Free Essays

Empirical analysis of internet user in Dhaka city BY Md. Faisal BBA (Studying) 4th year Major in International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Email:faisal. ib15@gmail. We will write a custom essay sample on Empirical Analysis of Internet User in Dhaka City or any similar topic only for you Order Now com Customer Analysis A questionnaire survey method has been used to analyze the customer of internet services in Dhaka city. We basically tried to find the percentage of internet user, using pattern, nature of expenditure, satisfaction level, and the opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. The percentage of internet user in Dhaka City Among all respondents of our survey, 78% people use internet and the rest 22% do not use internet. This is given in the following graph: Figure1. 1: The percentage of internet user in Dhaka City From the above figure, we can easily understand the percentage of internet user in Dhaka City. Among all 78%user, majority are students, businessman, and private employee. On the other hand among all 22%non user, majority are government employee, small and medium (SME) business owner. Using pattern There are many internet services provider in Dhaka City that provide different internet package. As a result the using pattern of people is different. Using pattern can be divided into the following categories: A) Forms of internet used by the people B) Brand preferences C) Package preference A) Forms of internet used by the people Internet can be divided into different forms. These are: (A1) Broadband internet (A2) Wireless Modem (A3) Mobile Internet (A4) Wi-Fi In Dhaka city, people use different forms of internet. The graphical figure of different forms used by the people is given below: Figure: 1. 2 Forms of internet used by the people (%) The figure (1. 2) shows that 74% people use wireless modem, 17% use broadband internet, 7%use mobile internet and 2% use Wi-Fi. This figure clearly mentions that people prefer wireless modem over broadband internet. The reasons are the following: (1)Wireless modem internet provides better speed than broadband. (2)Low connection Cost (3)Prepaid package (4)Suitable for both Desktop computer and the Laptop The people specially the university student have the facility to use Wi-Fi. The Wi-Fi coverage area is very limited in Dhaka City. Some people also use mobile interne B) Brand preferences Many companies in Dhaka city provide internet services. These are the followings: A)Broadband Services provider B)Banglalion Wimax C)Qubee D)Citycell E)Airtel F)Robi G)Banglalink H)GP People use Different Brand. Brand preferences are shown in the following graph: Figure: 1. 3 Brand Preferences The above figure shows that 17% people use broadband internet,30%use banglalion wimax,23%use qubee,7. 5%use citycell ,2. 5%use airtel,and20. 51%use Grameenphone (GP) internet. We can say from our survey that top two brands are banglalion and qubee. Others are the broadbandservics provider, GP, citycell and the airtel. C) Package preference There are many types of internet packages are available . People use different package based on their demand, cost structure, and brand preferences. The following graph shows the different packages used by the people: Figure: 1. 3 package preferences According to the figure 1. 3, it is clear that 43. 5%people use unlimited package, 7. 39%people use internet minipac, 5. 51%people use a package that has limitations of more than 800MB. 35. 56% people use 800MB-1GB package, 7. 69% use 1-2. 5GB package. And 2. 56% use other package. Basically business man and rich people prefer unlimited package. On the other hand students and low income group normally prefer the rest of the package. So 56. 5% do not prefer unlimited package. So the internet services provider of Dhaka city must be careful about this issues while developing new packages. 3. 3: Nature of Expenditure Expenditure for using internet services can be divided into two parts. These are: 1. Initial Connection Charge 2. Monthly using charge 1. Initial connection Charge: If anyone wants to use internet services, first they have to pay for their connection. Connection charge varies from company to company. In Dhaka city the range of connection charge is BDT 1000-3500. 2. Monthly using Charge: Monthly using charge depends on the internet packages which are used by the internet user in Dhaka city. The following table shows the monthly for different packages: Packages Monthly Payment UnlimitedMore than 1000 taka Minipac internetLess than 250 taka 450MB-800MB250-300 taka 800MB-1GB300-350 taka 1GB-2. 5GB350-600taka 2. 5-5GB600-750taka Table 1. 1: Monthly using charge From table 1. 1 we have found that there is a correlation between the internet packages and monthly payment. When the using volume increases the monthly expenditure also increases. 3. 4: Satisfaction level When the people were asked whether they satisfied or not about their internet services, majority replied that they are not satisfied. The following figure shows the satisfaction level of the internet user in Dhaka city: Figure 1. 4: Satisfaction level of the Internet User in Dhaka City The above figure shows that 71. 79% internet users are dissatisfied with their current package. The rest 30. 76% are satisfied. The main reasons of Dissatisfaction are the slow browsing and download speed. From our survey, we found that 96% people get browsing speed less than 256kbps. Only 4% people get browsing speed more than 256kbps. In case of download speed, 30%people get speed less than 20kbps. 35. 89% people get the speed which range is 20-50kbps. 30. 6% people get the speed which range is 50-80kbps. And 5. 12% people get speed more than 100kbps. Because of these slow speeds the internet user has to spend long time to download anything from internet. It also increases their opportunity cost. So they are dissatisfied. Opportunity for a new business to enter into the market: â€Å"Is there any opportunity for a new business to enter into the market? † the answer is yes. The following arguments support this answer: Among all respondents of our survey, 78% people use internet and the rest 22% do not use internet. The user rate is very high. So we can say that the market is potential. Demand is there. Through analysis this demand, a new firm can enter into the market. When the people were asked whether they satisfied or not about their internet services, 71. 79% replied that they are not satisfied. But still they are using internet services. They want to get better. All will prefer high speed internet services. About 67. 85% people suggested to have unlimited packages and they are ready to pay on an average 750 taka per month for their packages. About 32. 15% people suggested having minimum 3GB internet packages and they are ready to pay on an average 350 taka per month for their packages. They are ready to switch their services if any company can satisfy their demand. If a new firm can think that they will satisfy the needs of the customer, they can easily enter into the market. The market is really potential. Many people do not use internet because of their low income level. The price of desktop computer or a laptop is high. But recently Bangladesh has produced its own laptop and notebook at more reasonable prices. The brand name is DOEL. Still now it is not available in the local market. Recently our government has said these laptop and notebook will be available in the market as early as possible. When these will be available in the market, the computer user will be increased. As a result the internet user will also be increased. So it will become an opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. The need of information is increasing rapidly. Internet is the major sources of information. Increasing information needs can be a major opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. The use of internet to market, sells, promote, or buy a product or services are increasing rapidly. This may be another opportunity for a new business to enter into the market. How to cite Empirical Analysis of Internet User in Dhaka City, Papers

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Question: Discuss about the Autism Spectrum Disorder. Answer: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder associated with language and cognitive problem like impaired social skills, repetitive behaviors, speech impairment and challenges in non-verbal communication. The different range of problems under ASD is caused by genetic and environmental influences. The symptoms of autism can be detected between 2 and 3 years. It is necessary to screen and diagnose early to provide necessary intervention to children as soon as possible (Lord et al., 2013). The essay provides an overview of the epidemiology of the developmental disability, common challenges associated with the disorder and known and hypothesized cause of ASD. It particularly describes one therapeutic approach needed to address the disorder and evaluates the effectiveness of the approach by means of critical appraisal of two research articles on the therapeutic approach. In terms of the epidemiology of the ASD in Canada, it is the fastest growing neurological disorder in the country and one in every sixty eight children are currently being diagnosed with ASD. The prevalence of the disease has increased considerably in the last 10 years. The disorder is common in all groups and it is 4 times more common in males than in females (Autism Speaks Canada, 2017).The common characteristics of ASD include difficulties in social interaction, communication, behavior and sensory response. Unusual behavior is seen mainly due to the difficulties in responding to the environment or heightened sensitivity to any stimulus. This leads to unusual behavioral symptoms like repetitive body movement (example-hand flapping), repetitively using certain objects, strictly sticking to same routines, strange sensory interest and avoidance of everyday sounds and certain textures (Harms et al., 2010). The challenges in social interaction is seen as people with ASD fail to maintain relationship and respond to non-verbal forms of communication such as facial expressions, emotions and physical gestures. They fail to interpret needs of others and this impairs their ability enjoy and share interest with others. Another challenging symptoms affected people with autism include delay in language development, initiating and sustaining conversation and repeatedly using certain words or phrases. The degree of speech impairment varies from person to person and those who can speak uses language in unusual ways (Christensen, 2016). The above mentioned challenges in behavioral and social response is seen in people with ASD as a result of genetic predisposition, environmental factors and other unknown factors. The research into the cause of autism reveals inheriting certain genes from parents makes a child more vulnerable to developing ASD (Lichtenstein et al., 2010). Secondly, along with genetic vulnerability to ASD, the risk of developing the condition increases when a person is exposed to specific environmental triggers such as air pollution, heavy metal, born prematurely or exposed in the womb to alcohol and certain medications (Herbert 2010). Other clinical conditions also increases the risk of developing ASD such as muscular dystrophy, Downs syndrome, cerebral palsy and certain rare genetic disorders (Lichtenstein et al., 2010). ASD is a persistent neuro-developmental disorder leading to mild to severe symptoms ad intra-individual variability over time and different context. The neurodevelopmental disorder also leads to poor intellectual functioning and maladaptive behavior in affected person. Co-occurring mental disorder seen in people with autism includes anxiety disorder, depression and attention deficit disorder. They are found to have symptoms of anxiety, mental distress and nervousness. Hence, high level of co-occurring psychiatric problem and emotional disorder is high in patients with ASD and there remains a conceptual challenges in diagnosing and measuring the the problem. In order to treat such mental health disorder, medications or behavioral therapy is needed to control their behavior and reduce the chance of worsening the symptoms (Ozsivadjian, Hibberd, Hollocks, 2014). The research into common behavioral problems seen in children with ASD revealed high rate of sleep, toileting and eating diifi culty, self-injury and sensory related problems. Along with this, frequency of anxiety and aggression is seen irrespective of age and ability of children (Maskey et al., 2013). Intellectual disability is seen in almost 50% of children with ASD, which is associated with behavioral and mental problems. There is a need to observe the function of mental health services and see how they are involved in addressing the characteristics of poor physical functioning, present symptoms and psychosocial problem in affected person (Salomone et al., 2014). Approach to treating the disorder There are many treatment options for addressing behavioral or mental problem in patients with ASD. To address behavioral problems such as develop childrens communication and social skills, behavioral interventions may help to reduce the severity of symptoms. There are many behavioral therapies for treating children with ASD. This may include Applied Behavior Analysis and Pivotal Response Training (Bishop-Fitzpatrick, Minshew, Eack, 2014). Another important and powerful approach to treating children and adults with ASD is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT is a behavioral intervention based on the science of behavior and it takes into account the thought and feelings about people that result in usual behavior in an individual. It is a structure goal-directed approach based on specific plan and sessions for affected individual. It is particularly used to treat clinical manifestations of anxiety and cognitive impairment in people with ASD. The anxiety level is high due to poor res ponse to social interaction and social situations. Although the intervention is not specifically for ASD population, however it is increasingly being used now to improve depressive symptoms, social skills and activity level in ASD people (Weitlauf et al., 2014). A research by Storch et al., (2013) evaluated the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for addressing anxiety in children with ASD compared to normal treatment. It was a randomized controlled trial in which 45 children (between 7 and 11 years) with high ASD severity were randomized to receive either the CBT or normal treatment for similar period of time. This study was considered important because of the lack of empirically supported interventions for treating anxiety in people with ASD. There are many studies done on the efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions, however treatment approaches for addressing anxiety has not been addressed in research studies. There is practice recommendation to use CBT in developing children, hence the aim of the research was to evaluate whether CBT can lead too reductions in AST symptoms compared to normal treatment options. The Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS) was used to measure the degree of impairment or distress in patient and 11 session of CBT was provided to develop coping skills and treat feared stimuli in participant. The 3-months follow-up of continuous outcome in both group revealed positive results for CBT compared to normal treatment in all outcome measures. However, some of the weakness seen in the study is the use of modest sample size and lack of evaluation of treatment mediators and moderators. Secondly, the time constraints in research may lead to insufficient evaluation of long-term treatment maintenance. Despite the limitation, the study finding is important as it highlights the efficacy of CBT. Hence, CBT can be developed for ASD group considering that there is no pharmacological treatments have met the criteria for efficacy. Another research study evaluated the efficacy of Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) for young children with autism. EIBI utilizes the principal of operant learning to address language and social interaction skills deficits in children with ASD. As mixed outcome has been reported for this intervention in ASD population and there efficacy of the intervention was not clear for all outcome measures. Hence, this study is important as it evaluates the outcome of the intervention in all aspects such as verbal performance, intellectual development and adaptive behavior in ASD people. The systematic review of outcome seen after EIBI program revealed that the participants receiving EIBI intervention outperformed control group in all levels. Improvement was seen in EIBI groups in verbal IQs, expressive language, daily living skills, socialization skills, adaptive behavior skills and communication skills (Peters-Scheffer et al., 2011). Therefore, the study contribute to the limitatio ns found in other studies and effectively demonstrates the efficacy of the intervention in all outcome measures of ASD. However, some limitation found in the meta-analysis is that considerable was seen in the intensity of treatment and participants group. Hence, in order to enhance the rigor of the study, it is necessary that future studies concentrate on child characteristics at the start of treatment to related it to treatment outcome. The essay summarized the epidemiology of ASD in Canada as well as globally. Certain genetic and environmental risk factors are associated with great behavioral, mental and social problem in people with ASD. In order to enhance the ability of children and adults in living with ASD, development of cognitive skills, adaptive behavior and communication skill is necessary. Apart from pharmacological intervention, different types of behavioral interventions and therapy have the potential to develop coping skills of ASD patients and promote development of skills to better manage their developmental disorder and disability. In future, potential behavioral intervention may be strengthened as by means of planning strategies needed to improve outcome in people with varying degree of severe symptoms. This will help promote integrity of treatment and promote cognitive development of people with ASD. Reference Autism Speaks Canada. (2017).Autismspeaks.ca. Retrieved 5 April 2017, from https://www.autismspeaks.ca/about-autism/facts-and-faqs/ Bishop-Fitzpatrick, L., Minshew, N. J., Eack, S. M. (2014). A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorders. InAdolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders(pp. 315-327). Springer New York. Christensen, D. L. (2016). Prevalence and characteristics of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 yearsautism and developmental disabilities monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2012.MMWR. Surveillance Summaries,65. Harms, M. B., Martin, A., Wallace, G. L. (2010). Facial emotion recognition in autism spectrum disorders: a review of behavioral and neuroimaging studies.Neuropsychology review,20(3), 290-322. Herbert, M. R. (2010). Contributions of the environment and environmentally vulnerable physiology to autism spectrum disorders.Current opinion in neurology,23(2), 103-110. Lichtenstein, P., Carlstrm, E., Rstam, M., Gillberg, C., Anckarster, H. (2010). The genetics of autism spectrum disorders and related neuropsychiatric disorders in childhood.American Journal of Psychiatry,167(11), 1357-1363. Lord, C., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., Amaral, D. G. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.Autism: The Science of Mental Health,28(2), 217. Maskey, M., Warnell, F., Parr, J. R., Le Couteur, A., McConachie, H. (2013). Emotional and behavioural problems in children with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders,43(4), 851-859. Ozsivadjian, A., Hibberd, C., Hollocks, M. J. (2014). Brief report: the use of self-report measures in young people with autism spectrum disorder to access symptoms of anxiety, depression and negative thoughts.Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders,44(4), 969-974. Peters-Scheffer, N., Didden, R., Korzilius, H., Sturmey, P. (2011). A meta-analytic study on the effectiveness of comprehensive ABA-based early intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorders.Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,5(1), 60-69. Salomone, E., Kutlu, B., Derbyshire, K., McCloy, C., Hastings, R. P., Howlin, P., Charman, T. (2014). Emotional and behavioural problems in children and young people with autism spectrum disorder in specialist autism schools.Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders,8(6), 661-668. Storch, E. A., Arnold, E. B., Lewin, A. B., Nadeau, J. M., Jones, A. M., De Nadai, A. S., ... Murphy, T. K. (2013). The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy versus treatment as usual for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized, controlled trial.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,52(2), 132-142. Weitlauf, A. S., McPheeters, M. L., Peters, B., Sathe, N., Travis, R., Aiello, R., ... Warren, Z. (2014). Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Spectrum Disorder Question: Discuss about theAutism Spectrum Disorder. Answer: Introduction The term autism is derived from the Greek word autos meaning self. Precisely speaking, autism is a neurobehavioral and neuropsychological disorder covering a wide range of symptoms and impairments, and is so called Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (Lauritsen, 2013). However, autistic patients may have unexpectedly developed skills such as singing songs, playing music, solving mathematical puzzles and few more even in above-average range. ASD is usually noticeable within three years of age. Disorders observed in ASD are also called pervasive developmental disorders. Autism has been categorized under DSM IV or fourth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of mental disorders (Volkmar et al., 2014). Autistic people show inadequacy in social communication and show repetitive behaviors. ASD is linked to neural development and genetics thus showing abnormality in brain development and development of Central Nervous System (CNS). This lifelong disability is diagnosed mainly by observing abnormal behaviors. Autism may be mild or severe depending upon its severity. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a complex neurobehavioral syndrome in children showing deficiency in certain key areas such as non-verbal and verbal communication, imaginative play as well as social interactions and awareness. Some autistic children even shows repetitive and stereotyped bodily movements like flapping hands or rocking. Affected ones show resistance to alteration in their daily routines, self-injurious or aggressive behaviors and respond unusually to people. People with ASD show cognitive impairment to a certain extent but show exceptional skill development in few areas. Brain-behavior connection has been established by the neuropsychological theories. The cognitive theories of Central Coherence, Executive Function and Mind have also helped in establishing the same (Volkmar et al., 2014). Some of the children affected by ASD develop seizures early while some may not develop the same until adolescence. Under the roof of ASD there are a number of disorders namely: Autistic Disorder: People with autism face problems in communication and social interaction. Aspergers Syndrome: These people have very little problem with language and score generally above-average range upon intelligence test but have problems in social communication. PDD or Stypical Autism: Children falling under this category (a type of catch-all category) show some of the autistic behaviors but not all and do not fall under other categories. Childhood Disintegrative Disorder: Children with this extremely rare disorder show normal development till about two years but majority of their communication and social skills are lost after that (Lauritsen, 2013). The estimated prevalence of ASD according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) was 14.9 per 1000 children in 2015. The rates have been increasing steadily. From the reports it has been seen that prevalence among males (18.5 per 1000) is higher than in females (4.5 per 1000). Earlier diagnosis has shown fruitful results in improvement of the condition of the child with ASD. CDC study also found that prevalence in white non-Hispanic children was 12 per 1000, 10.4 per 1000 among black non-Hispanic ones and 8 per 1000 among Hispanic children (Kim et al., 2014). No exact risk factors for ASD have however been found. The particular areas of deficiency may vary in individuals, but the common neuropsychological deficits observed in ASD are: Impairment in interaction and communication with the society such as eye contact, bodily postures, lack of attachment with the society, lack of development in speech and language, lack of proper cognitive development, failure in development of peer relationship, lack of emotional reciprocity and few others (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). Most children having ASD show specific gestures to communicate with near ones.Some of the children with ASD also exhibit echolalia or repeating words of other people. According to Baron-Cohen people with ASD exhibit mind-blindness that is they are unable to read others mental condition or intentions relating to the situations as normal people do (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). People with ASD also exhibit deficiency in joint-attention such as difficulty in social orientation, restriction in communicative functions and few more. They also meet feeding and sensory challenges such as variation in responses to environmental or social stimuli as well as rejection or acceptance of food based on its presentation style (Schriber, Robins Solomon, 2014). Deficiency in regulation of behavior and emotions includes difficulty in sleeping, crying-laughing or showing aggression or anger in improper times and many others similar to these. The neuro-anatomical changes in people with ASD include differential development of brain (cortical volume- CV and cortical thickness- CT) at different ages. Dysmaturation of CV extends till adulthood affecting brain regions necessary for language development and social cognition. It is compelled by dysmaturation of CT (Eilam-Stock et al., 2016). It may reflect basic abnormalities in plasticity of cortex and subordinate abnormalities in interactions between ASD affected individuals with their environment. Neuropathology refers to the study of diseases of the tissues of the nervous system either by surgical biopsies or by whole-body autopsies. Gross neuropathology deals with the morphological abnormalities observed in the brains of the ones affected with ASD. Neuropathology has also revealed that ASD affected ones have approximately 67% more neurons in comparison to controls. It has also identified the existence of supernumerary neurons due to abnormality in migration or failure of apoptosis (Chen et al., 2015). Epidemiology of ASD refers to the study of factors affecting ASD. Genetic epidemiology has provided evidences that about 12-15% ASD cases have chromosomal abnormality, Mendelian condition or other syndromes. Pre-natal risk factors include bleeding and use of psychiatric drugs by women during pregnancy, advanced age of parents, diabetes. It may also happen due to obesity or low-weight during pregnancy (Hill, Zuckerman Fombonne, 2015). Also hospitalization of women during pregnancy due to psychiatric disorder may result in ASD in children. No medication can completely cure ASD but can help patients to function better like managing seizures or depressions. Medicines do not affect all individuals to the same extent. Progression of the ASD affected ones should be monitored closely for maintenance of better physical and mental health. Early intervention can improve the condition of a child with ASD. However besides medication communication and behavior approaches, dietary approaches, auditory training, vitamin therapy, discrete trial training and few more can give better results in improving the conditions of the ASD affected ones (Bishop-Fitzpatrick, Minshew Eack, 2014). ASD is a lifelong disorder that cannot be cured completely. Only betterment of lifestyle can be made. ASD affected ones generally require both mental and physical care to execute the functions of their daily lives. Actual cause has not yet been discovered but researches are going on. Over the time its prevalence has markedly risen. ASD affected ones generally gain excellence in specific skills and so they should be encouraged to enhance that skill. The society and the family along with the neuro-pathologists and the psychiatrists should come up to help them lead a normal and better life. References: Bishop-Fitzpatrick, L., Minshew, N. J., Eack, S. M. (2014). A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for adults with autism spectrum disorders. InAdolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders(pp. 315-327). Springer New York. Chen, J. A., Peagarikano, O., Belgard, T. G., Swarup, V., Geschwind, D. H. (2015). The emerging picture of autism spectrum disorder: genetics and pathology.Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease,10, 111-144. Eilam-Stock, T., Wu, T., Spagna, A., Egan, L. J., Fan, J. (2016). Neuroanatomical alterations in high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in Neuroscience,10. Hill, A. P., Zuckerman, K., Fombonne, E. (2015). Epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders. InTranslational Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder(pp. 13-38). Springer International Publishing. Kim, Y. S., Fombonne, E., Koh, Y. J., Kim, S. J., Cheon, K. A., Leventhal, B. L. (2014). A comparison of DSM-IV pervasive developmental disorder and DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder prevalence in an epidemiologic sample.Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry,53(5), 500-508. Lauritsen, M. B. (2013). Autism spectrum disorders.European child adolescent psychiatry,22(1), 37-42. Schriber, R. A., Robins, R. W., Solomon, M. (2014). Personality and self-insight in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.Journal of personality and social psychology,106(1), 112. Volkmar, F., Rogers, S., Paul, R., Pelphrey, K. A. (2014). Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders.